Deliberate practice and acquisition of expert performance: a general overview.

نویسنده

  • K Anders Ericsson
چکیده

Traditionally, professional expertise has been judged by length of experience, reputation, and perceived mastery of knowledge and skill. Unfortunately, recent research demonstrates only a weak relationship between these indicators of expertise and actual, observed performance. In fact, observed performance does not necessarily correlate with greater professional experience. Expert performance can, however, be traced to active engagement in deliberate practice (DP), where training (often designed and arranged by their teachers and coaches) is focused on improving particular tasks. DP also involves the provision of immediate feedback, time for problem-solving and evaluation, and opportunities for repeated performance to refine behavior. In this article, we draw upon the principles of DP established in other domains, such as chess, music, typing, and sports to provide insight into developing expert performance in medicine.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

The Developmental Experiences of Expert Athletes in Sports with Different Levels of Risk

Background. Recent research has proposed that environmental factors affect the development of expertise. Objectives. The present study aimed to compare the history of training activities amongst expert athletes of different sport disciplines regarding the level of risk. Methods. Participants included 187 athletes from six sports disciplines, which were allocated to "low-risk," "medium risk," o...

متن کامل

How experts practice: a novel test of deliberate practice theory.

Performance improvement is thought to occur through engagement in deliberate practice. Deliberate practice is predicted to be challenging, effortful, and not inherently enjoyable. Expert and intermediate level Gaelic football players executed two types of kicks during an acquisition phase and pre-, post-, and retention tests. During acquisition, participants self-selected how they practiced and...

متن کامل

The Role of Deliberate Practice in the Acquisition of Expert Performance

The theoretical framework presented in this article explains expert performance as the end result of individuals' prolonged efforts to improve performance while negotiating motivational and external constraints. In most domains of expertise, individuals begin in their childhood a regimen of effortful activities (deliberate practice) designed to optimize improvement. Individual differences, even...

متن کامل

Sight - Reading Skill : The Role of Working Memory Capacity Deliberate Practice Is Necessary but Not Sufficient to Explain Individual Differences in Piano

Deliberate practice—that is, engagement in activities specifically designed to improve performance in a domain—is strongly predictive of performance in domains such as music and sports. It has even been suggested that deliberate practice is sufficient to account for expert performance. Less clear is whether basic abilities, such as working memory capacity (WMC), add to the prediction of expert ...

متن کامل

Deliberate practice and the acquisition and maintenance of expert performance in medicine and related domains.

The factors that cause large individual differences in professional achievement are only partially understood. Nobody becomes an outstanding professional without experience, but extensive experience does not invariably lead people to become experts. When individuals are first introduced to a professional domain after completing their education, they are often overwhelmed and rely on help from o...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

دوره 15 11  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2008